Bust of an African Boy in Servant's Livery

This bust of a very young servant wearing the generic insignia of a cardinal is one of the most sensitive early renderings of an African boy by a European sculptor. The detail, sense of movement, and expression suggest that this is a likeness of a particular individual. He was probably enslaved, as were most servants in urban centers of Catholic Europe. The existence of other versions of this bust with different insignia, in marble as well as in bronze, suggests that although the artist probably initially portrayed a specific young boy whose identity is now lost, this work quickly became seen as a “type,” representing all boys of African descent in the service of and/or enslaved by European cardinals. De ...